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Authors: 超级管理员 | Edit: xingqiang
The 2012-13 cropping season in China is best described as“globally average,” with the following productions and differences with the previous season: maize 194,178 thousand tons (+ 3.1 percent), rice (as paddy) 200,145thousand tons (+0.6 percent), soybean 13,245 thousand tons (-6.8 percent) and wheat 118,175 thousand tons (-1.3 percent) (table 5.1).
The largest single contribution of any province to the national production for a particular crop is 35 percent (soybean in Heilongjiang). For maize, the national production is dominated by Heilongjiang,Jilin, and Shandong (13, 12 and 10 percent, respectively). For rice, the largest contributors are Hunan (13 percent), Heilongjiang (10 percent), Jiangxi(9 percent), Anhui (8 percent) and Jiangsu (8 percent), a much more balancedsituation than for other crops. For soybean, in addition to Heilongjiang, the major contributors are Anhui and Inner Mongolia with 8 percent and 6 percent,respectively. Finally, for wheat, more than half the production hails from thethree provinces of Henan (22 percent), Shandong (19 percent), and Anhui (9 percent).
Considering the detail of changes over the previous season,the most dramatic difference occurs for wheat in Heilongjiang, with a decrease of 35.6 percent due essentially to very unfavorable temperature conditions during late winter and early spring in northeast China. In addition to yield loss, the phenomenon also accounts for changes in the cropping structure, in particular wheat to maize. Heilongjiang also underwent a dramatic drop in Soybean production (-5.2 percent), which was compensated for by a shift to maize (+5.5 percent). For rice, the extreme variations are those of Ningxia (-2.4percent) and Anhui (+3.6 percent). The largest increase for any crop was achieved for maize in Shanxi (+11.7 percent).
Interestingly, for all crops, the yield variation compared with last year stays in the range from -2 percent to +3 percent, with few minorexceptions, for instance, approximately -3 to +3 percent for early rice, and-0.5 to + 1 percent for late rice (table E.3 in annex E).
For area, patterns are much less obvious. For maize, the variation ranges from -1.2 percent to +4.9 (in Heilongjiang); for soybean, from-5.1 percent (also Heilongjiang) to +0.6 percent. The most spectacular decreaseis for wheat in Heilongjiang (-35.5 percent), followed by -4.5 percent inNingxia, which stresses the abnormality of the conditions that affectedHeilongjiang this year. The largest increase for wheat (+4.5 percent) occurredin Inner Mongolia. As to the three rice typologies in table 5.3, the areaincreases all are within a range of -3 percent to +2 percent. The difference between the (low) variability of yields and the (larger) variability of areasderives from the fact that a large volume of national Chinese production is irrigated.
Table 5.1 China, 2013 production and percent differencewith 2012, by province(thousand tons)
| Maize | Rice(paddy) | soybean | wheat | ||||
| 2013 | Δ% | 2013 | Δ% | 2013 | Δ% | 2013 | Δ% |
Anhui | 3799 | -3.9 | 16746 | 3.6 | 1096 | -4.1 | 11050 | -2.3 |
Chongqing | 2037 | -1.5 | 4866 | 1.4 |
|
| 1137 | -2.1 |
Fujian |
|
| 2822 | 0.5 |
|
|
|
|
Gansu | 4942 | 0.7 |
|
|
|
| 2744 | -0.6 |
Guangdong |
|
| 11106 | -1.7 |
|
|
|
|
Guangxi |
|
| 10953 | 1.2 |
|
|
|
|
Guizhou | 4722 | -2.6 | 5126 | -1.1 |
|
|
|
|
Hebei | 16635 | 6.2 |
|
| 174 | 3.7 | 10245 | -1.6 |
Heilongjiang | 25481 | 2.5 | 20044 | 1.7 | 4625 | -10.9 | 482 | -35.6 |
Henan | 16697 | -1.2 | 4102 | 1.8 | 776 | -9.6 | 25486 | -0.7 |
Hubei |
|
| 15871 | -1.0 |
|
| 4410 | -2.8 |
Hunan |
|
| 25547 | -1.7 |
|
|
|
|
Inner Mongolia | 15172 | 4.7 |
|
| 845 | -4.2 | 1904 | 2.5 |
Jiangsu | 2170 | 0.5 | 16715 | 0.1 | 797 | 1.2 | 9052 | 0.4 |
Jiangxi |
|
| 17221 | -2.3 |
|
|
|
|
Jilin | 23947 | 4.0 | 5066 | 1.4 | 649 | -3.9 |
|
|
Liaoning | 13270 | 0.3 | 4695 | 0.5 | 520 | -3.5 |
|
|
Ningxia | 1687 | -14.9 | 462 | -2.4 |
|
| 741 | -6.7 |
Shaanxi | 3998 | 2.3 | 1052 | 2.4 |
|
| 3890 | -8.3 |
Shandong | 18587 | 5.5 |
|
| 697 | -4.6 | 22242 | 0.7 |
Shanxi | 9786 | 11.7 |
|
| 193 | 10.9 | 1970 | -4.8 |
Sichuan | 7060 | 1.4 | 14581 | 1.6 |
|
| 4567 | 1.6 |
Yunnan | 5890 | 0.1 | 5074 | -1.7 |
|
|
|
|
Zhejiang |
|
| 2815 | 3.2 |
|
|
|
|
Sub-total | 175879 | 2.7 | 184865 | 0.2 | 10372 | -7.0 | 99919 | -1.2 |
Remaining 12 provinces | 18299 | 7.1 | 15280 | 6.6 | 2873 | -6.3 | 18256 | -2.0 |
National Total | 194178 | 3.1 | 200145 | 0.6 | 13245 | -6.8 | 118175 | -1.3 |