Globally, the region recorded 2% above average rainfall but most areas showed almost no anomalies with total departures staying in the range of -25 mm to +25 mm. Precipitation peaks above average occurred only in Uruguay and neigboring areas; they affected North East Argentina in April, East Argentina and Uruguay in May, part of South and North Brazilian agricultural area in June and the  Southern boundary of Brazil in July.

Globally, TEMP showed a minor increase of 0.5℃ above average in the MPZ. The whole MPZ showed a similar temporal pattern starting with a rise from April to early May, a drop at mid-May, and another peak in June followed by a July drop. The largest fluctuations occurred in South Brazil, eastern Paraguay and northern Uruguay in June when the peak reached heatwave proportions with an anomaly larger than 5.2℃.

BIOMSS showed an increment of 1% above average. Positive anomalies were observed in the Center and South of the Argentinian Pampas, with the exception of the extreme South of Buenos Aires province that showed negative anomalies. Negative anomalies were observed as well in the Chaco and the Subtropical highlands in Argentina. Most of the Brazilian agricultural area showed positive anomalies, with the exception of the North West.

The MPZ was almost fully cropped (CALF at 98%), a 1% increment compared to 5 years average. VCIx reached 0.76 on average. Values larger than 0.8 were observed over most of Brazil and Paraguay. Argentina experienced the lowest VCIx values, mainly in the southern and eastern Pampas. Minimum VHI showed high variability in the region with near half of the area indicating drought and the other half indicating good growing conditions. Drought values were mostly observed in the Argentinian Pampas and central and southern Brazil, with large spatial heterogeneity. It is important to consider that for this region, the reporting period correspond to the harvest of main summer crops, so that conditions with lower availability of water can no longer directly affect crop production. Low Minimum VHI values could also be associated with the maturity and harvest crops that occurred during this reporting period.

In general, crop condition in the South America MPZ was average during the monitoring period. 

图2.3 南美农业主产区的农业气象指数与农情指标（2019年4月-7月）

a.降水距平聚类空间分布           b. 降水距平聚类类别曲线(mm)

c.气温距平聚类空间分布            d. 气温距平聚类类别曲线 (℃)

e. 潜在生物量距平(与过去15年平均水平相比) 

f.耕地种植状况分布

g. 最佳植被状况指数

h. 植被健康状况最小值