In Mongolia, no crops were cultivated in the country during the monitoring period. Compared to the 15-year average, precipitation and temperature were close to the 15-year average (RAIN +5%, TEMP -0.5°C), while radiation was above average (RADPAR +4%).

Regional analysis

Agro-climatic conditions in the Khangai Khuvsgul region were harsh with lower precipitation and temperature (RAIN, -2% and TEMP, -0.8°C) in the reporting period, while RADPAR was close to average. BIOMSS (up 2%) was slightly above average.

The Selenge Onon region is the main spring wheat production area. Accumulated rainfall was slightly above average (RAIN +3%), but RADPAR and TEMP were below average by 3% and 0.4°C respectively.

In the Central and Eastern Steppe region, the total precipitation was 76 mm (+30%). The temperature was slightly below the fifteen-year average (TEMP, -0.2°C), furthermore, RADPAR decreased by 5%.

Figure 3.31 Mongolia’s crop condition, October 2020 - January 2021

(a). Phenology of major crops

(b) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (c) Maximum VCI

(d) Spatial NDVI patterns compared to 5YA (e) NDVI profiles

(f) Rainfall profiles (g) Temperature profiles

(h) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (Hangai Khuvsgul Region (left) and Selenge-Onon Region (right))

(i) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (Central and Eastern Steppe)

Table 3.51 Mongolia’s agroclimatic indicators by sub-national regions, current season’s values and departure from 15YA, October 2020 - January 2021

Table 3.52 Mongolia’s agronomic indicators by sub-national regions, current season’s values and departure from 5YA, October 2020 - January 2021