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AngolaMain producing and exporting countries

Authors: 超级管理员 | Edit: zhuliang

National Analysis

During the July-October monitoring period, winter wheat had reached maturity in September and harvest was concluded in October. With the rainy season starting in late September, the sowing of maize and rice took place from September to October all over the country. During this period, all the national agroclimatic indicators revealed drops (RAIN -39%, RADPAR -1% and BIOMSS -9%), except for temperature, which recorded an increase of 0.1ºC. The drops in the agroclimatic indicators had a severe influence on crop conditions during the reporting period. The national crop development profile based on NDVI indicates that crop conditions were unfavourable from early July to the third week of October when the NDVI started to indicate favourable crop conditions, which may have affected the wheat which was in the growing stages during this period.

The NDVI departure cluster profiles indicate that: (1) 52.6% of arable land, mainly in the provinces of Zaire, Huíla and Cuando Cubango, experienced close to the average crop conditions during the entire monitoring period; (2) 3.6% of the arable land, particularly in the provinces of Zaire and Bengo had unfavourable crop conditions starting in early July. However, conditions in these regions improved and became better when compared to the average of the past five years. The crops are mostly rainfed in Angola and, with a small area under irrigation, the agroclimatic indicators had a significant effect on the crop development, leading therefore to the reported poor crop conditions. The cropped arable land fraction for the country was 52%, a drop of 1% compared to the 5YA. A slight change in the cropping intensity (+1%) was observed and the maximum VCIx was 0.79.


Regional Analysis

Considering the cropping systems, climate zones and topographic conditions, CropWatch has divided Angola into five agroecological zones (AEZs): Arid zone (5), Central Plateau (6), Humid zone (7), Semi-arid zone (8) and Sub-humid zone (9).

At the regional level, the agroclimatic indicators show decreases by more than 30% in rainfall in all agroecological regions when compared to the average of the past fifteen years. For the same period, temperature also increased in all the agroecological zones, with the Humid zone and Semi-arid zone recording increases of about 0.2ºC. Except for the Humid zone, which registered an increase (RADPAR +1%), the photosynthetic active radiation decreased in all regions. The declines varied from 1% to 2%. Together, these conditions led to decreases in the total biomass production in all the agroecological regions: Arid zone (BIOMSS -10%), Central Plateau (BIOMSS -13%), Humid zone (BIOMSS -8%), Semi-Arid Zone (BIOMSS -6%) and Sub-humid zone (BIOMSS -11%).

In addition, the agronomic indicators reveal significant drops in the cultivated arable land fraction of about 25% in the Humid zone and 4% in both the Central plateau and Sub-humid zone. The Simi-arid zone recorded increases in CALF by 8% while in the Humid zone it was near the average of the past five years. Cropping intensity increased by 11% in this region. Increases by 1% and 5% in cropping intensity were observed in the Sub-humid zone and Humid zone, respectively, while decreases of 1% and 3% were observed in the Semi-arid zone and Central Plateau, respectively. With the VCIx varying from 0.56 (in the Arid zone) to 0.89 (in the Humid zone), the crop development based on NDVI graphs indicates below-average crop conditions during the entire monitoring period in all the agroecological regions.



Figure 3.6. Angola's crop condition, July-October 2022

(a) Phenology of major crops


(b) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI                           (c) Maximum VCI


(d) Spatial NDVI patterns compared to 5YA, (e) NDVI profiles


 (f) National time-series rainfall profiles                                                   (g) National time-series temperature profiles


(h) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI - Arid zone (left) and Central Plateau (right)


(i) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI - Humid zone (left) and Semi-arid zone (right)


(j) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI-Subhumid zone

k) National Cropping intensity


Table 3.3. Angola’s agroclimatic indicators by sub-national regions, current season's values and departure from 15YA, July - October 2022

Region

RAIN

TEM

RADPAR

BIOMSS

Current

Departure from 15YA (%)

Current (ºC)

Departure from 15YA (ºC)

Current (MJ/m2)

Departure from 15YA (%)

Current (gDM/m2)

Departure from 15YA (%)

Arid Zone

49

-43

21.9

0.1

1321

-1

502

-10

Central Plateau

87

-39

19.1

0.0

1345

-2

468

-13

Humid zone

357

-32

24.1

0.2

1282

1

944

-8

Semi-Arid Zone

20

-49

21.5

0.2

1367

-1

440

-6

Sub-humid zone

118

-40

21.8

0.0

1296

-1

553

-11

Table 3.4. Angola's agronomic indicators by sub-national regions, current season’s values and departure from 5YA, July - October 2022

Region

CALF

Cropping Intensity

Maximum VCI

Current (%)

Departure from 5YA (%)

Current (%)

Departure from 5YA (%)

Current

Arid Zone

17

-26

118

11

0.56

Central Plateau

41

-4

101

-3

0.81

Humid zone

99

0

138

5

0.89

Semi-Arid Zone

40

8

101

-1

0.78

Sub-humid zone

60

-4

107

1

0.80