Bulletin

wall bulletin
MongoliaMain producing and exporting countries

Authors: 超级管理员 | Edit: zhuliang

This reporting period from July to October covers the humid summer and autumn seasons in Mongolia which correspond to the main growth period and harvesting stage of wheat in September. Wheat is the main cereal crop grown in that country. The proportion of irrigated cropland in Mongolia is only 2.9% and crop growth is mainly limited by rainfall. As compared to the fifteen-year average, TEMP was slightly below average (-0.4°C), and the TEMP of each month was normal. RAIN decreased by 11% during the whole monitoring period. RAIN from July to early August was normal. Below-average RAIN was mainly observed from late August to September, when the wheat was harvested. The monitoring results reported in the last bulletin showed that the RAIN from April to June was normal, so the decreased RAIN in this monitoring period had little impact on the production of spring wheat. RADPAR was slightly above average by 2%, while BIOMSS was below average by 4%.

According to the crop condition development graph based on NDVI and the spatial distribution of NDVI profiles, only 12.4% cropland of Mongolia had below-average conditions before harvest. CALF was 99%, equal to the 5YA, and Cropping Intensity (CI) increased by 6% to 106%. The national VCIx was 0.92, crop production index (CPI) was 1.15.

Overall, crop conditions in Mongolia were favorable.


Regional analysis

Hangai Khuvsgul region: 

Compared to the fifteen-year average, RAIN and TEMP were below average (-21% and -0.3°C), while RADPAR increased by 2% and BIOMSS decreased by 6%. CALF decreased by 1% to 99%, regional VCIx was 0.87, and CI was 103%. According to the crop condition development graph based on NDVI and the spatial distribution of NDVI profiles, the overall crop condition in the region was poor, especially in the north-central and western districts. However, the area of cropland in this region accounts only for a small proportion of the total cropland in Mongolia, so the poor crop conditions had little impact on the crop production in Mongolia.

Selenge-Onon region: 

Most of the cropland of Mongolia is concentrated in this region. For the CropWatch agroclimatic indicators, as compared to the fifteen-year average, RAIN and TEMP were below average (-2% and -0.6°C), while RADPAR was above average by 2% and BIOMSS was equal to the 15YA. CALF was 100%, equal to the 5YA. Regional VCIx was 0.93, and CPI was 1.00. CI was 106%, which had increased by 5%, and the CI of some areas in Hentiy province was 200%.  According to the crop condition development graph based on NDVI, the NDVI of this region was higher than the 5YA in July and August, and below the 5YA in September and October. Thus, the favorable conditions observed during the previous reporting period continued throughout the main growth period of spring wheat (from June to August). Therefore, crop production conditions in this region are favorable. 

Central and Eastern Steppe Region: 

As compared to the fifteen-year average, RAIN was significantly below average (-21%), TEMP was slightly below average (-0.3°C), and RADPAR was above average (+3%). These factors lead to a decrease in BIOMSS (-9%). However, the area of cropland in this area is relatively small. It is mainly distributed in the eastern part of Dornod Province, for which the Maximum VCI map showed that the VCIx value was generally above 1.0. The value of CPI was also high for the region (CPI=1.19). CALF increased by 1% to 100%, VCIx was 1.00, and CI was 100%. Overall, crop conditions in this region are favorable.


Figure 3.32 Mongolia's crop condition, July - October 2022

(a) Phenology of major crops



(b) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI                     

(c) Maximum VCI

(d) Spatial NDVI patterns compared to 5YA                                       (e) NDVI profiles

(f) Rainfall profiles                                       (g) Temperature profiles

(h) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (Hangai Khuvsgul Region (left) and Selenge-Onon Region (right))

(i) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (Central and Eastern Steppe)


Table 3.56 Mongolia's agroclimatic indicators by sub-national regions, current season's values, and departure from 15YA, July - October 2022

Region

RAIN

TEMP

RADPAR

BIOMSS

Current (mm)

Departure (%)

Current (°C)

Departure (°C)

Current (MJ/m2)

Departure

 (%)

Current (gDM/m2)

Departure   (%)

Hangai Khuvsgul Region

236

-21

6.5

-0.3

1075

2

558

-6

Selenge-Onon Region

264

-2

9.4

-0.6

1060

2

647

0

Central and Eastern Steppe Region

176

-21

13

-0.3

1062

3

575

-9

Altai Region

139

-63

7.9

1.0

1117

8

401

-26

Gobi Desert Region

88

-56

10.4

0.5

1148

6

335

-31



Table 3.57 Mongolia's agronomic indicators by sub-national regions, current season's values, and departure from 5YA, July - October 2022

Region

Cropped arable land fraction

Cropping intensity

Maximum VCI

Current (%)

Departure (%)

Current (%)

Departure (%)

Current

Hangai Khuvsgul Region

99

-1

103

3

0.91

Selenge-Onon   Region

100

0

106

5

0.94

Central and Eastern Steppe Region

100

1

100

0

0.92

Altai Region

72

-11

103

3

0.74

Gobi Desert Region

70

-8

99

-1

0.82