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Authors: 超级管理员 | Edit: tianfuyou
The reporting period covers mainly the fallow period of summer crops, as well as the harvesting of late maize, soybean and rice, and the sowing of wheat. CropWatch subdivides Argentina into eight agro-ecological zones (AEZ) based on cropping systems, climatic zones, and topography. During this monitoring period, most crops were grown in these four agro-ecological zones, identified by numbers on the NDVI departure cluster map: Chaco (11), Mesopotamia (12), Humid Pampas (13), and Subtropical Highlands (17). The other agro-ecological zones were less relevant. Maize and soybean are planted in the four mentioned AEZs, while rice is planted in North Mesopotamia and East Chaco and wheat is planted in Humid Pampas, Chaco, and South Mesopotamia.
For the whole country, rainfall showed a -9% negative anomaly, TEMP showed a 1.0°C positive anomaly, and RADPAR showed a 6% negative anomaly. RAIN showed a strong positive anomaly in Subtropical Highlands (+51%) and negative anomalies in Mesopotamia (-23%), Humid Pampas (-11%), and Chaco (-1%). TEMP showed positive anomalies and with similar values in all AEZs: Subtropical Highlands (+1.1°C), Humid Pampas (+1.0°C), Mesopotamia (+1.0°C), and Chaco (+0.9°C). RADPAR showed negative anomalies in all AEZs: Subtropical Highlands (-13%), Chaco (-7%), Humid Pampas (-6%), and Mesopotamia (-1%).
At the national level, rainfall profiles showed values below average several times during the reporting period. TEMP showed variability above and below average values but with a dominance of cases with positive anomalies and with higher values than observed negative anomalies.
The crop condition development graph based on NDVI showed for the whole country, below average values during April and May, and no anomalies since June. Mesopotamia and Subtropical Highlands showed near average conditions for most of the reporting period but showed a negative anomaly at the beginning of April and a positive anomaly at the end of July. Pampas showed negative anomalies in April and May and nearly no anomalies in June and July. Chaco trended below the 5YA throughout this monitoring period.
Spatial distribution of NDVI profiles determined five homogeneous spatial patterns. A profile with positive anomalies up to the beginning of June, and near no anomalies since the end of June (orange profile) was observed in South Pampas. A profile with a negative anomaly at the beginning of April and positive anomalies since May (dark green profile) was observed in Subtropical Highlands, South Mesopotamia, and North East Pampas. The blue profile showed negative anomalies during April and negative anomalies since May. It was observed in Chaco, North Mesopotamia, and most of Pampas. A profile with negative anomalies during April and May and near no anomalies since June (red profile), was observed in Center East and North Pampas. Finally, a profile with negative anomalies during all the reporting period (light green profile) was observed in Center Pampas.
At the national level, BIOMSS showed a negative anomaly of 1%, CALF showed a 3% negative anomaly and VCIx showed an average value of 0.77. BIOMSS showed positive anomalies in Subtropical Highlands (+24%) and Chaco (+3%), and negative anomalies in Mesopotamia (-5%) and Humid Pampas (-4%). CALF showed a strong reduction only in Humid Pampas (-5%) and no anomalies in the rest of the AEZs. Maximum VCI showed good conditions for Subtropical Highlands (0.88) and Mesopotamia (0.82), and regular to poor conditions in Chaco (0.78) and Humid Pampas (0.74). VCIx map showed regular to poor conditions in most of the agricultural areas of the country. The lowest values were observed in the Southern extreme of Pampas (Carmen de Patagones department), as well as in the Center and part of North West Pampas. Good conditions in VCIx were observed in South Pampas, West Subtropical Highlands and North Mesopotamia. Crop Production Index showed values above average for Subtropical Highlands (1.04) and below average for Mesopotamia (0.96), Chaco (0.95) and Humid Pampas (0.88).
In summary, conditions varied greatly among the AEZs. Subtropical Highlands and Mesopotamia showed good conditions in several agroclimatic indices: near no anomalies in NDVI profiles, higher VCIx and CPI. On the contrary, Pampas and Chaco showed higher negative anomalies in NDVI profiles, lower VCIx and CPI values. Pampas also showed a strong anomaly in CALF that can be related to a delay in planting of winter crops. This period is mainly a fallow period for summer crops and includes the final stages of late summer crops. In consequence, soybean and maize production was mostly defined during the last reporting period, which showed poor conditions for Argentina. Better conditions in some of the regions during this period only partially compensated production losses for maize and soybean.
Figure 3.7 Argentina's crop condition, April 2023-July 2023
(a). Phenology of major crops
(b). Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (Argentina)
(c). Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (Mesopotamia)
(d). Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (Humid Pampas)
(e). Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (Chaco)
(f). Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (Subtropical Highlands)
(g). Time series rainfall profile (Argentina)
(h). Time series temperature profile (Argentina)
(i). Spatial distribution of NDVI profiles
(j). Maximum VCI
Table 3.6. Argentina’s agroclimatic indicators by sub‐national regions, current season's values and departure from 15YA, April 2023 – July 2023
RAIN | TEMP | RADPAR | BIOMSS | |||||
Region | Current (mm) | Departure from 15YA (%) | Current (°C) | Departure from 15YA (°C) | Current (MJ/m2) | Departure from 15YA (%) | Current (gDM/m2) | Departure from 15YA (%) |
Chaco | 274 | -1 | 17.1 | 0.9 | 594 | -7 | 617 | 3 |
Mesopotamia | 344 | -23 | 16.1 | 1.0 | 605 | -1 | 720 | -5 |
Humid Pampas | 173 | -11 | 13.3 | 1.0 | 568 | -6 | 441 | -4 |
Subtropical Highlands | 259 | 51 | 14.9 | 1.1 | 692 | -13 | 554 | 24 |
Table 3.7. Argentina’s agronomic indicators by sub‐national regions, current season's values and departure from 5YA, April 2023 – July 2023
CALF | Maximum VCI | ||
Region | Current(%) | Departure from 5YA (%) | Current |
Chaco | 99 | 0 | 0.78 |
Mesopotamia | 100 | 0 | 0.82 |
Humid Pampas | 88 | -5 | 0.74 |
Subtropical Highlands | 99 | 0 | 0.88 |