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Authors: 超级管理员 | Edit: tianfuyou
During this reporting period, maize and spring wheat were sown, while winter wheat was harvested in July. At the national level, rainfall was 15% below the 15YA, average temperature was 0.2℃ lower and radiation was slightly below average (-4%). The decrease in rainfall caused a biomass decrease (-7%). The CALF of Romania remained unchanged (100%) and the maximum VCI was 0.90. Compared with last year's drought condition, this reporting period has a better performance. The rainfall time series shows that precipitation was below average in May, early June, impacting the growth of maize and wheat. The temperature was around average for most of the reporting period and even reached the 15 year maximum in the middle of July. The VHI map shows that drought conditions were severe in the eastern region. According to the NDVI development curve, crop conditions were below average from April to June. Only 8.2% (green line) of Romania's cropland experienced a change from a negative to a positive departure from the average NDVI trend during the reporting period. The proportion of irrigated cropland in Romania is only 4%. Crop conditions are assessed as unfavorable, especially for summer crops.
Regional analyses
More details are provided below for three main agro‐ecological zones: the Central mixed farming and pasture Carpathian hills (165), the Eastern and southern maize, wheat and sugar beet plains (166) and the Western and central maize, wheat and sugar beet plateau (167).
For the Central mixed farming and pasture Carpathian hills, compared to the 15YA, rainfall decreased by 21%, temperature was at average, radiation was below average (RADPAR -3%) and BIOMSS decreased by 9%. According to the NDVI development, crop conditions were below average during the reporting period. The regional average VCI maximum was 0.93. This region occupies only a small part of cropland in Romania, thus, the below-average vegetation conditions have little impact on Romania's crop production.
For the Eastern and Southern maize, wheat and sugar beet plains, rainfall decreased by 14%, the temperature was at average and radiation was 4% below average. This resulted in a reduced estimate of biomass (-7%). The NDVI development graph shows that crop conditions dropped to below average from late June to July. The VCIx value of this region was only 0.89. According to the distribution map, the yellow and blue NDVI profile line region in the southeast (counties of Tulcea and Constanta) dropped largely in June and July; meanwhile, the maximum VCI values in this area were below 0.5. All indicators show that the crop condition in this region was below average.
For the Western and central maize, wheat and sugar beet plateau, rainfall was lower than average by 16%. Temperature was also lower than average by 0.5℃, radiation was also lower (RADPAR -3%) and biomass decreased by 9%. Maximum VCI of this region was 0.91. It varied considerably in this region (0.5 to 1.0). CPI was 1.07. The spatial NDVI pattern shows that NDVI was also decreasing over time in the central region (red line), which indicates that crop conditions were unfavorable.
Figure 3.37 Romania's crop condition, April–July 2023
(a). Phenology of major crops
(b) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI
(c) Maximum VCI
(d) Spatial distribution of NDVI profiles
(e) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (Central mixed farming and pasture Carpathian hills (left) and Eastern and southern maize, wheat and sugar beet plains (right))
(f) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI (Western and central maize, wheat and sugar beet plateau)
(g) Time series rainfall pofile
(h) Time series temperature pofile
Table 3.65 Romania's agroclimatic indicators by sub-national regions, current season's values and departure from 15YA, April–July 2023
Region | RAIN | TEMP | RADPAR | BIOMSS | ||||
Current(mm) | Departure from 15YA(%) | Current(°C) | Departure from 15YA(°C) | Current(MJ/m2) | Departure from 15YA(%) | Current(gDM/m2) | Departure from 15YA(%) | |
Central mixed farming and pasture Carpathian hills | 337 | -21 | 14.1 | 0.0 | 1251 | -3 | 808 | -9 |
Eastern and southern maize wheat and sugarbeet plains | 290 | -14 | 17.1 | 0.0 | 1264 | -4 | 816 | -7 |
Western and central maize wheat and sugarbeet plateau | 307 | -16 | 15.2 | -0.5 | 1293 | -3 | 802 | -9 |
Table 3.66 Romania's agronomic indicators by sub-national regions, current season's values and departure from 5YA, April – July 2023
Region | CALF | Maximum VCI | |
Current(%) | Departure from 5YA(%) | Current | |
Central mixed farming and pasture Carpathian hills | 100 | 0 | 0.93 |
Eastern and southern maize wheat and sugarbeet plains | 100 | 0 | 0.89 |
Western and central maize wheat and sugarbeet plateau | 100 | 0 | 0.92 |