Figure 1. Global crop production index for the current monitoring period (July to October) over the last 11 years

The annual fluctuation of the Crop Production Index (CPI) effectively reflects changes in global crop production conditions. Since 2021, the CPI has remained below 1.0 for three consecutive years, indicating that frequent extreme events caused by climate change have constrained stable increases in global and regional grain production. In 2023, although global high temperatures persisted, the prolonged drought in the Middle East and East Africa was alleviated, and the agroclimatic conditions in most major agricultural countries in Europe were generally favorable. Overall, the adverse impacts of extreme climate events on the production of major cereals and oil crops were less severe than in 2022. Therefore, even though the global CPI from July to October 2023 (0.972) is still at a lower level within the past 11 years, it has shown a slight improvement compared to the same period in 2022 (CPI=0.970).