
Bulletin
wall bulletinMenu
- Overview
- Country analysis
- Afghanistan
- Angola
- Argentina
- Australia
- Bangladesh
- Belarus
- Brazil
- Canada
- Germany
- Egypt
- Ethiopia
- France
- United Kingdom
- Hungary
- Indonesia
- India
- Iran
- Italy
- Kazakhstan
- Cambodia
- Sri Lanka
- Morocco
- Mexico
- Myanmar
- Mongolia
- Mozambique
- Nigeria
- Pakistan
- Philippines
- Poland
- Romania
- Russia
- Thailand
- Turkey
- Ukraine
- United States
- Uzbekistan
- Viet Nam
- South Africa
- Zambia
- Algeria
- Kyrgyzstan
- Lebanon
- Mauritius
- Madagascar
- Kenya
- Syria
Authors: Hzhao | Edit: lirui
During this monitoring period, the harvest of winter wheat was mostly completed by the end of July. Harvest of the summer crops, such as maize and sunflowers, started in September. Sowing of the new winter wheat crop was completed by October. In the previous CropWatch bulletin, below-average wheat yields in Hungary due to lack of rainfall was forecasted.
At the national level, accumulated rainfall was below average (ΔRAIN -4%), temperature increased by 2.2°C, and radiation was average. BIOMSS was below average (ΔBIOMSS -1%). According to the national NDVI development graphs, NDVI was below average from early July to mid-October, while it was above average in late October. The Cropping Intensity (CI) was 115% (-13%). The maximum VCI value reached 0.81 and crop production index (CPI) was 0.98 at the national level and the cropped arable land fraction (CALF) was at 99%.
Some spatial and temporal detail is provided by the NDVI clusters: 38.6% of arable land in Hungary was below average during this monitoring period, distributed mainly in the Great Plain (Puszta). 11.6% of arable land in Hungary was above average between July and mid-August, below average from late August to October, mainly distributed in eastern Hungary and western Hungary. 29.9% of arable land in Hungary was above average in July and October, below average in August and September, scattered throughout Hungary. 20% of arable land in Hungary was below average from July to September and above average in October, scattered throughout in the Great Plain and central Hungary.
There was a prolonged period with a large rainfall deficit from July to August. It caused a drop in NDVI to below average levels starting from July. All in all, conditions for crop production can be assessed as poor in all regions of Hungary. High rainfall in mid-September and early October helped with the germination and early development of the winter cereals.
Regional analysis
Based on cropping systems, climatic zones and topographic conditions, Hungary is divided into four sub-regions: Northern Hungary (88), Central Hungary (87), the Great Plain (Puszta) (86) and Transdanubia (89). Specific observations for the reporting period are included for each region.
Central Hungary (87) is one of the major agricultural regions in terms of crop production. A sizeable share of winter wheat, maize and sunflower is planted in this region. According to the NDVI development graphs, NDVI was below average from July to September, and it was above average in October. Total rainfall (ΔRAIN +7%), temperature (ΔTEMP +2.4°C) and radiation (ΔRADPAR +1%) were above average. Biomass was above average (ΔBIOMSS +8%). The VCIx was 0.82. The CPI was 1.03. CALF was 99%. Cropping intensity was 114% (-9%).
The Puszta (86) region mainly grows winter wheat, maize and sunflower, especially in the counties of Jaz-Nagykum-Szolnok and Bekes. According to the NDVI development graphs, NDVI was below average from July to September, and it was above average in October. Total rainfall was below average (-22%). Temperature (ΔTEMP +2.2°C) and radiation (ΔRADPAR +1%) were above average. Biomass was below average (ΔBIOMSS -6%). The maximum VCI was 0.79. The CPI was 0.95. CALF was 99% (-1%). Cropping intensity was 111% (-14%).
Northern Hungary (88) is another important winter wheat region. According to the NDVI development curve, crop conditions were below average in this monitoring period. Total rainfall was below average (ΔRAIN -13%). Temperature (ΔTEMP +2.4°C) was above average and radiation was average. Biomass was below average (BIOMSS -1%). The maximum VCI was 0.85. The CPI was 1.00. Cropping intensity was 113% (-18%). CALF was 100%.
Southern Transdanubia (89) cultivates winter wheat, mostly in Somogy and Tolna counties. According to the NDVI development curve, crop conditions were below average in this monitoring period. They gradually improved with the above average rainfall starting in September. The cumulative rainfall (ΔRAIN +15%) and Temperature (ΔTEMP +2.2°C) were above average. The radiation (ΔRADPAR -1%) was below average. Estimated biomass increased (ΔBIOMSS +5%). The maximum VCI was 0.82. The CPI was 1.01. Cropping intensity was 119% (-13%). CALF was 100%.
Figure 3.19 Hungary’s crop condition, July-October 2024
(a). Phenology of major crops
(c) Spatial NDVI patterns compared to 5YA (d) NDVI profiles
(e) National CPI time series graph
(f) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI, Time series rainfall profile and temperature profile (Central Hungary)
(g) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI, Time series rainfall profile and temperature profile (The Greatplain)
(h) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI, Time series rainfall profile and temperature profile (North Hungary)
(i) Crop condition development graph based on NDVI, Time series rainfall profile and temperature profile (Southern Transdanubia)
Table 3.1 Hungary's agro-climatic indicators by sub-national regions, current season's values and departure from 15YA, July‐October 2024
Region | RAIN | TEMP | RADPAR | BIOMSS | ||||
Current | Departure | Current | Departure | Current | Departure | Current | Departure | |
Central Hungary | 195 | 7 | 20.9 | 2.4 | 1047 | 1 | 674 | 8 |
Puszta | 156 | -22 | 21.2 | 2.2 | 1052 | 1 | 624 | -6 |
North Hungary | 170 | -13 | 20.2 | 2.4 | 1006 | 0 | 621 | -1 |
Transdanubia | 236 | 15 | 20.2 | 2.2 | 1038 | -1 | 688 | 5 |
Table 3.2 Hungary's agronomic indicators by sub-national regions, current season's values and departures from 5YA, July‐October 2024
Region | CALF | CI | Maximum VCI | CPI | ||
Current(%) | Departure from 5YA(%) | Current(%) | Departure from 5YA(%) | Current | Current | |
Central Hungary | 99 | 0 | 114 | -9.38 | 0.82 | 1.03 |
Puszta | 99 | -1 | 111 | -14.09 | 0.79 | 0.95 |
North Hungary | 100 | -0 | 113 | -18.00 | 0.85 | 1.00 |
Transdanubia | 100 | -0 | 119 | -12.50 | 0.82 | 1.01 |