The reporting period corresponds mainly to the harvesting of Rabi and planting of Kharif crops.Heavy monsoon rain and cyclone Komen caused severe floods in several states.Mostly affected regions were Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Telangana, Maharashtra,Gujarat, Haryana, Uttarakhand, and Orissa. Flooding damaged the standing Kharifcrop in these regions. However, over the reporting period crop development wasabove average and reached a record maximum. The maximum VCI values were neverbelow 0.5, which confirms average crop condition over the country. The NDVIvalues were favorable until the end of June, but a drop started in early July.Several states experienced above average rainfall (RAIN), including Assam(+27%), Bihar (+35%), Chhattisgarh (+36%), Haryana (+36%), Jharkhand (+60%),Tripura (+93%), Uttar Pradesh (+18), Punjab (+6%), Orissa (+20%), and WestBengal (+75%). High rainfall led to positive biomass accumulation (BIOMSS) andgood Kharif crop condition, but also to the mentioned floods in much of the country’snortheast. Low rainfall was experienced in some states like Gujarat (-51%), Goa(-70%), Kerala (-31%), Karnataka (-27%), and Maharashtra (-37%). Low rainfalltriggered average NDVI for the region, indicating average crop condition in thoseplaces. Temperature (TEMP) was average, while radiation (RADPAR) was belowaverage in several states including Assam (-3%), Himachal Pradesh (-5%),Haryana (-2%), Jharkhand (-4%), Tripura (-7%), Sikkim (-4%), and west Bengal(-6%). The crop arable land fraction (CALF) dropped by 6 percentage pointscompared to the previous five-year average. Overall, adverse weather conditionincluding excess rainfall and floods in some places as well as droughts inothers have resulted in the reduction of cultivated land and likely reducedoutputs, especially for rainfed crops.

Figure3.16. India crop condition, April-July2015

(a)Crop condition development graph based on NDVI                                        (b)Maximum VCI

(c)Spatial NDVI patterns compared to 5YA                                                                   (d)NDVI profiles