CropWatch Bulletin, October 2025 (Volume 25, No.5) focuses on analyzing the impact of extreme weather events on major cereal and oilseed crop production from July to September 2025. It systematically assesses the production dynamics of major cereal and oilseed crops in 85 countries worldwide and conducts remote sensing-based monitoring, verification, and forecasting of crop planting area, yield, and total production for 12 major crop producing countries, including China, the United States, and India. In addition, the report reviews maize and soybean production in the Northern Hemisphere, estimates rainy season rice yields in representative equatorial countries, and forecasts wheat production in major Southern Hemisphere wheat-producing countries. The report aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state and evolving trends in global food production, offering a reference for related decision-making.